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Generic Name: Acetaminophen with codeine
Brand Name(s):
Information updated: April 1, 2000
Overview
Acetaminophen and codeine is an excellent analgesic combination for mild to
moderate pain relief.
It can ease the discomfort of a bad toothache or
the aftermath of minor surgery, as well as a wide array of other situations that
call for pain management.
One of the most commonly prescribed brand name
preparations is Tylenol with codeine. It is also available as Margesic and
Phenaphen with codeine.
The number on the formula represents the amount
of codeine the formula contains. No. 1 has 7.5 mg of codeine, No. 2, 15 mg, No.
3, 30 mg and No. 4 contains 60 mg of codeine.
Side Effects and Interactions
Other than dizziness, drowsiness and nausea,
side effects may include constipation, loss of appetite, headache, sweating and
euphoria.
Some people experience shortness of breath, especially if they
have asthma.
Other less common reactions include an allergic rash,
disorientation, dry mouth and urinary difficulties. Report any such symptoms to
your physician promptly.
Acetaminophen may cause liver or kidney problems
in large doses or over long periods.
Your physician should evaluate your
need for this combination pain reliever periodically.
If you are taking
any other medicines, check with a physician or pharmacist about compatibility.
Alcohol as well as many over-the-counter and prescription drugs can add
to the sedative effect of this analgesic and should be avoided.
Antihistamines, antianxiety agents, and sleeping pills require extra
caution.
Both tricyclic and MAO-type antidepressants may interact with
this analgesic to cause greater toxicity.
Special Precautions
Like any narcotic, codeine may make you drowsy. Do not drive or attempt any activity that requires coordination and judgement.
Older people may be more susceptible to this reaction.
Lightheadedness or dizziness could make walking dangerous. Never stand up suddenly, as it may make you feel faint.
Long-term use of acetaminophen and codeine has drawbacks since codeine may be habit forming if you take it regularly.
Do not increase the dose on your own in a quest to achieve greater pain relief. But don't play the hero by skipping doses during an acute crisis.
Pain is more easily managed if it can be nipped in the bud instead of trying to play catch up when it has gotten out of control.
Taking the Medicine
Some people react to codeine with nausea or vomiting.
Taking it with food may reduce stomach
upset.
Nausea, dizziness and other common reactions may be less troublesome if you lie down
for awhile.
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Joe Graedon is a pharmacologist. Teresa Graedon holds a doctorate in medical anthropology and is a nutrition expert. Their syndicated radio show can be heard on public radio.
© 2000